From a recent report by Social Security's Office of Inspector General (OIG):
Generally, SSA [Social Security Administration] attempted to collect overpayments regardless of the amount. ...
SSA collects data on the average costs to collect RSI [Retirement and Survivors Insurance], DI [Disability Insurance], and SSI [Supplemental Security Income] overpayments via its Cost Analysis System ( CAS ). ... However, the average cost to collect an SSI overpayment as reported in CAS represents the cost of a single action taken to collect an SSI overpayment during a FY [Fiscal Year]. Therefore, the average cost to collect an SSI overpayment does not represent the cost of collecting the overpayment when multiple actions are required. This results in an understatement of the average cost to collect an SSI overpayment when multiple collection actions are required. ...
Based on our analysis using average cost data from CAS, we estimated SSA spent over $323 million to collect low-dollar overpayments in FYs 2008 through 2013. Using SSA’s overpayment collection percentages for these FYs, we estimated SSA collected approximately $109.4 million of the low-dollar overpayments. This resulted in SSA spending over $213.6 million more than it collected ....