Appropriations Bill Out

     The full text of the omnibus appropriations bill that will fund the government, including the Social Security Administration, for the remainder of the fiscal year, which only has five months to go, is out. It's 1,665 pages. The Social Security part begins on page 1,042. At first glance, I see no noxious riders, that is language directing or forbidding certain agency actions, but appropriations language is notoriously difficult to read so please let me know if I've missed something.

Social Security Funding Declines

     An omnibus budget deal has been announced. It will probably be enacted shortly. Here's an excerpt from a summary of that bill:

Social Security Administration (SSA) – The bill provides $12.5 billion for the administration of SSA activities – a decrease of $ 60 million from the fiscal year 2016 enacted level. This funding will ensure those served by the program receive efficient and timely assistance and service. One-time costs for building renovations provided in fiscal year 2016 account for a majority of the decrease. The bill supports program integrity efforts at the fully authorized level of $1.8 billion, an increase of nearly $400 million over the fiscal year 2016 enacted level.

Rep Payee Problem In Iowa

      From the Des Moines Register:

Not long after he moved back to Des Moines in 2015, Dustin Driskell began using a nonprofit downtown called Social Equality to handle his disability money. 

Driskell, 36, was adopted as an infant out of foster care. His mother committed suicide when he was 5; his father died suddenly when he was 11. For several years, he was bumped around between foster homes and shelters. He’s got a laundry list of mental health diagnoses requiring a cocktail of medications. 

Driskell needs help handling money because he’s been preyed upon by those who would take what little he has. 

Yet he struggled to get Phong Heu, the owner of Social Equality, to pay his bills on time or give him money when he needed it to buy groceries and other necessities. 

“Dustin slept on his apartment bedroom floor for several months because the payee wouldn’t give him the money to buy a bed,” his sister Deanna Hepworth wrote Watchdog. ... 

With the help of a staff member from Optimae Lifeservices in the East Village, Driskell filed a complaint last fall with Social Security against Social Equality. 

And then, in October, the payee service at 699 Walnut St. abruptly closed its doors. Driskell’s payments were suspended for a spell, and he was told Social Equality was under investigation. For a time, he got emergency payments, and then those, too, faltered. ... 

Driskell and Hepworth learned about the Social Equality investigation after his payments didn’t arrive last November. 

But in that case, Social Security workers set up emergency funds for Dustin and others after regular payments were suspended. 

Payments arrived in January, February and March. But last month, payments were suspended again. They were delayed again this month until, after three calls and two visits by Hepworth to the Social Security office, they were restarted. 

The delays have meant that Driskell has had no money at times, or he borrows it from his grandmother, Optimae and Iowa’s Department of Human Services to pay for rent and groceries. ...

     By the way, this otherwise fine article includes a weird detour into the Conn case. I didn't include it above. Mentioning the Conn case makes no sense in the article. I can't imagine why the reporter included it or the editor allowed it in.

Underpayment Problems

     From a recent report by Social Security's Office of Inspector General (OIG):

An OASDI [Old Age, Survivor's and Disability Insurance] underpayment accrues when a beneficiary is due a partial or full monthly benefit amount that has not been paid. SSA’s automated systems should detect and process most underpayments due living beneficiaries. However, when SSA’s systems cannot process these underpayments, SSA employees must manually issue them. Further, SSA employees must manually process all underpayments due deceased beneficiaries.

Manually issued OASDI underpayments of $6,000 or more require a secondary review. However, SSA policy does not require a secondary review of manually issued underpayments less than $6,000. ... 

Of the 250 sampled underpayments, SSA issued 62 (25 percent) incorrectly, with payment errors totaling $90,235. Specifically, SSA employees issued 

• 45 underpayments totaling $69,348 more than what was due the beneficiaries — we project SSA issued 187,620 underpayments totaling approximately $289 million more than what was due and 
• 17 underpayments totaling $20,887 less than what was due the beneficiaries — we project that for 70,880 underpayments, SSA did not issue approximately $87 million that was due.

     You might think that the solution would be to just require supervisory approval of all underpayments but there are two problems with this. First, it would require more staff time and the agency lacks the personnel to get its current workload done. Second, supervisory approval would only get you so far. Supervisors also make mistakes, especially when they're overworked.

     If you want better performance from Social Security, you're going to have to give the agency additional operating funds.

Early Intervention For Schizophrenia Not Preventing Disability

     Schizophrenia is a truly horrible disease. It's tragic to see once promising young people reduced to unstable, unproductive lives haunted by the madness of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia always starts before age 30 but continues for the rest of a person's life. There is no cure for schizophrenia. The treatments available generally make long term institutionalization unnecessary and can prevent frequent hospitalization but do little to restore normal functioning. In particular, the treatments available don't touch the negative symptoms of schizophrenia -- lethargy and inability to have appropriate emotional and social responses. The negative symptoms may not sound that bad but they are actually devastating. Everyone familiar with the disease prays for some treatment that would improve the lives of schizophrenics.

     One approach to schizophrenia that seemed to have promise was early intervention -- identifying schizophrenics as soon as possible and offering them intensive treatment. This led to various Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode (RAISE) studies funded by the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH).

     Some results from a RAISE study are available and they're not encouraging, at least insofar as Social Security might be concerned. Here's an excerpt from the abstract of a RAISE study:

Method: The Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode–Early Treatment Program (RAISE-ETP) study, a 34-site cluster-randomized trial, compared NAVIGATE, a coordinated specialty care program, to usual community care over 2 years. Receipt of SSA benefits and clinical outcomes were assessed at program entry and every 6 months for 2 years....

Results: Among 399 RAISE-ETP participants, 36 (9%) were receiving SSA disability benefits at baseline; of the remainder, 124 (34.1%) obtained benefits during the 2-year study period. The NAVIGATE intervention improved quality of life, symptoms, and employment but did not significantly reduce the likelihood of receiving SSA disability benefits. Obtaining benefits was predicted by more severe psychotic symptoms and greater dysfunction and was followed by increased total income but fewer days of employment, reduced motivation (e.g., sense of purpose, greater anhedonia), and fewer days of intoxication. [I'm not sure what sort of intoxication they're talking about. Substance abuse isn't a part of schizophrenia. Some schizophrenics have substance abuse problems like some schizophrenics have high blood pressure but as far as I know there's no connection.]

Conclusions: A 2-year coordinated specialty care intervention did not reduce receipt of SSA disability benefits. There were some advantages for those who obtained SSA disability benefits over the 2-year treatment period, but there were also some unintended adverse consequences. Providing income supports without impeding recovery remains an important policy challenge.

Not Much Fraud To Talk About

     The Social Security Subcommittee of the House Ways and Means Committee held a hearing yesterday on antifraud efforts at Social Security. The hearing was more notable for what didn't happen than what happened. There was no new announcement of some fraud ring preying upon Social Security. I'm not sure how much longer Republicans will try to milk the Conn case but they don't have a new case to talk about.

     The agency witness talked about anti-fraud computer systems that Social Security has installed. Apparently, a fair amount of money and time has gone into this. However, the agency witness didn't have anything to say in his written remarks about fraud that had been uncovered using these systems. Maybe it's too early to expect results from these systems, maybe Social Security hasn't tried hard enough to make the systems work or perhaps organized fraud at Social Security is actually quite uncommon. I think the Republican leadership of the Subcommittee would really, really, really like for Social Security to uncover lots of organized fraud since that would be in keeping with their political and social beliefs. I think they're going to be disappointed. If there is anything organized, it's probably quite small and more likely involves Social Security employees than members of the public.

     Update: Here's a report from the right wing Washington Times on the hearing. You can sense the disappointment pervading the piece.

Don't Plan On Working On And On

     From CNBC:

A stark reality of retirement planning is that your future is riding on the quality (read: plausibility) of your assumptions. Abject optimism can be dangerous. ...

[A] potential flawed assumption is that you will be able to keep working past 65. Yet the recently released 2017 Retirement Confidence Survey by the nonpartisan Employee Benefit Research Institute finds that more than half of workers say they expect to still be on the clock past age 65. By comparison, less than 15 percent of today's retirees kept working that long. ...

It's simply too risky to assume you will indeed be able to work longer. A survey by the Transamerica Center for Retirement Studies (TCRS) found that nearly two-thirds of retirees left the workforce earlier than expected because they were laid off, reorg-ed out of a position, or due to general unhappiness with a job. Only 16 percent of retirees who exited the work force earlier than they expected did so because they felt they could financially afford to.

Moreover, a new report from Prudential puts a dollar value on why your current employer may not be inclined to do back flips to keep an older you happy and engaged. The estimated one-year cost to a firm when an employee delays retirement: $50,000. ...

     And they're not even mentioning the effects of health conditions on retirement decisions.
     Raising full retirement age to 67 was a bad idea. Increasing it further would be a terrible idea. People need security in retirement and Social Security is the only assurance that the vast majority of Americans have or will ever have.

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